Maritime Boundary Of A Country: Every country in the world has a fixed limit. That is, which country is where and how much space it is spread in. On the same basis, borders are also made. You must have always seen that most of the borders are on the ground. Like India’s land border is with Pakistan, it is with China and it is with countries like Nepal, Bangladesh and Bhutan.
Apart from the land border, a country also has a maritime border. That is, how much right does the country have in the sea? India’s maritime border shares with countries like Pakistan, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Indonesia, Thailand. How is the maritime boundary of a country decided? Let us tell you how far a country has its rights.
Maritime law treaty came into force in the year 1994
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea was implemented in 1994. This was an international agreement which determines the rights and boundaries of different countries on all the seas and oceans of the world. Under the Maritime Law Treaty (UNCLOS-1982), rules and laws related to maritime boundaries were also decided. In this, rules for the use of marine resources have also been decided. Which is accepted by all the countries included in the United Nations. Under this agreement, disputes arising between any two countries regarding the maritime boundary are also resolved.
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This is how boundaries are set
According to the UNCLOS-1982 agreement, the maritime border of a country is divided into three parts. These include base border, regional border, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). If we talk about the base limit, it is 12 nautical miles i.e. about 22.22 kilometers from the land surface of the country. The islands surrounding that country are also included in this. The territorial limit extends up to 24 nautical miles i.e. about 44.44 kilometers from the land surface. That country has full rights within this limit.
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Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) This limit extends to 200 nautical miles i.e. about 370 kilometers. Within this limit the country can do any kind of maritime trade and fishermen can catch fish. India’s maritime border is 7,516.6 kilometers long. It consists of the mainland, the Lakshadweep Islands, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
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