Makar Sankranti 2023, Surya Uttarayan Scientific Reason: The festival of Makar Sankranti is celebrated on the day when Sun enters Capricorn. This year the festival of Makar Sankranti is on 15 January 2023. It is also known as Surya Uttarayan festival. There is a religious belief about this that from this day onwards the sun sets.
Actually there are two conditions of the Sun, Uttarayan and Dakshinayan. Uttarayan is considered very auspicious in the scriptures. But do you know why Uttarayan happens only on the day of Makar Sankranti. Not only religious but scientific reason is also connected with this.
What happens in uttarayan
The two positions of the Sun are Uttarayan and Dakshinayan. The duration of both is six months each. Suryadev stays for six months in Uttarayan (from Capricorn to Gemini) and for six months in Dakshinayan (from Cancer to Sagittarius). When the Sun travels from Capricorn to Gemini while moving towards the north, it is called Uttarayan.
On the other hand, when the Sun travels from Cancer to Sagittarius while moving towards the south, it is called Dakshinayan. Uttarayan has been called the time of light and hence it is considered auspicious in the scriptures. Due to the uttarayan of the sun, the day starts getting longer and the night gets shorter. During this time it is auspicious to do charity, yagya and auspicious work.
Scientific reason for Surya Uttarayan
Religious beliefs and stories are associated with Surya Uttarayan. But its scientific reason has also been told. According to science, on the afternoon of 22 December, the Sun is at the Tropic of Capricorn i.e. Tropic of Capricorn. This position is called South Solstice or winter solstice.
On this day, the longest night occurs in the northern hemisphere and the cold starts increasing very fast. It gets very cold from this day till Makar Sankranti. After this, on the day of Makar Sankranti, Sun enters Capricorn from Sagittarius. Due to the entry of Capricorn, this day is called Makar Sankranti. From this day, the movement of Sun towards the north direction i.e. Gemini starts, which is called Uttarayan. As soon as Uttarayan starts, the effect of cold starts decreasing gradually.
After this, it takes six months for the sun to move north, which lasts from 14-15 January to 21 June. On June 21, when the sun reaches the northern extreme point, there is a state of solstice, it is called Uttara Ayananta.
That’s why 21st June is the biggest day and till Kark Sankranti it is very hot. In this sequence, when the Sun enters the Cancer sign, then the Sun becomes Dakshinayan and gradually the heat starts decreasing.
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