Scientists have recently discovered that polyploid, which is a very large cancer cell, also known as PGCC, such cancers start growing again in the body even after treatment. Researchers at ‘The Medical University of South Carolina’ (MUSC) Hollings Cancer Center have achieved a major breakthrough by revealing that sometimes cancer comes back due to this reason only after chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Some cancer cells grow very fast
Some cancer cells attack again even after a long time, due to which the tumor starts emerging again. Recently, a team led by Christina Voelkel-Johnson, PhD at the Hollings Cancer Center, identified this specific gene, which prostate cancer cells manipulate to become PGCCs. By which they protect themselves from therapy. The team also found that cancer cells start growing very fast after PGCCs.
According to the report published in the ‘Journal of Biological Chemistry’
According to a report published in the ‘Journal of Biological Chemistry’, Voelkel-Johnson and her team at AUSC Hollings Cancer Center made an important discovery while studying an inhibitor associated with permanent cure after radiotherapy. These PGCCs, which are very different from other cancer cells, can spread freely without dividing their cytoplasm. Such cancers tend to return.
Some cancer cells do not die properly during surgery or treatment, therapy. Instead, this prevents the cancer from spreading by forming PGCCs. These strange-looking PGCCs are very different from other cancer cells. Although the cytoplasm is not multiple, it still spreads rapidly. Voelkel-Johnson and her team identified the cell-signaling pathways that cancer cells use to form PGCCs under therapy stress.
The protein, p21, which is normally required by cancer cells to replicate in order to break down DNA, behaves differently in cancer cells lacking p53. These cells do not stop p21 from repairing damaged DNA, making it easier for GCCs to form. But drugs like tamoxifen and statins are used to stop these rapidly growing cancer cells.
These drugs are combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy to prevent PGCCs from forming. Voelkel-Johnson plans further investigations to explore the effects of combination treatments on PGCC recurrence rates in various cancers.
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