Aripan Importance in Mithila culture: The importance of Aripan is related to the folk culture of Mithila. Aripan is made especially in auspicious and auspicious works. Aripan is made by adding water to rice flour and turmeric and vermilion are used to color it. It is a part of Indian ancient tradition, which is also mentioned in ancient books.
Aripan is a type of Mithila art, which originated especially from the Mithila region of Bihar. In Mithila, the tradition of making paintings or Aripan on the courtyard, floor and walls is very old. Different types of Aripan are made in different celebrations and festivals.
Aripan is mentioned in the Vedas and Puranas.
Even though at present women are moving away from the art of making Aripan, but Aripan is still made on many occasions with new art, color and shape. In these, the tradition of Swastik Aripan is believed to be from the Vedic period. Aripan has come under the name Sarvatobhadra in the Vedas.
In mythological times, Aripan was made by joining 41 Swastiks together. In this the four arms of Lord Vishnu were outlined. In Garuda Purana, there is mention of making Aripan near Tulsi. According to this, due to the healthy air emanating from the Tulsi plant, it is made under Tulsi. Even today, Aripan is made near Tulsi.
Types of Aripan
There are many types of Aripan, which are prepared in different ways on different occasions. As-
Different Aripans are made for Chhatiyar Puja (puja performed on the sixth day after the birth of a newborn), Mundan, Karna Chhedan i.e. ear piercing, Yajnopaveet Sanskar (Janeu Sanskar), marriage and Dwadash (after death).
- Tusari Aripan– This Aripan is made on the auspicious occasion of Tusari Puja, which happens in Makar Sankranti and Falgun Sankranti. Young and unmarried Maithili girls perform Tusari Puja and make Aripan of Tusari to wish for a good husband. In this a temple, moon, sun and nine planets are made and directions are also shown.
- Sanjh Aripan- This Aripan is made in honor of Sandhya Devi (Goddess of the evening).
- Sashti Aripan- When unmarried girls attain puberty, Sashti Pujan takes place, in which this Aripan is made and Goddess Shashti is worshipped.
- Kojagara Aripan– It is a tradition to make it on the leaves of Makhana on the full moon day of the month of Ashwin. This Aripan is made at the house of the newly wedded groom and then the Chumavan ceremony takes place.
- Diwali Aripan- Rangoli is usually made everywhere on Diwali. But in Mithila region it is known as Sukh-Ratna Aripan. It is made to welcome Goddess Lakshmi at home.
- Swastik Aripan – This is the oldest Aripan. It is prepared to bless the young generation and is made on every auspicious occasion.
- Panchdal Aripan – It is made in Shakti Puja. In this a lotus with five petals is made.
- Saptadal Aripan– This Aripan with a lotus with seven petals is dedicated to the Saptarishis.
- Ashtadal Aripan – Ashtadal Aripan is made in the worship of Dev Pooja, Satyanarayan worship of Lord Vishnu and Devotthan Ekadashi. In this, the eight petals of lotus are the symbol of Ashta Bhujadhari Vishnu.
- Apart from this, images like humans, birds, animals, trees-leaves, flowers, tantric symbols, yantras, Navagraha, sun-moon, deities, lamps, rivers-mountains etc. are made in Aripan.
Importance of Aripan or Rangoli in Indian tradition
Aripan (Bihar)- This is the folk painting art of Mithili of Bihar which is made in the courtyard and it is called ‘Aripan’.
Mandana (Rajasthan)- The folk art or painting of Rajasthan is called Mandana. It is made on the ground and walls on festivals and main celebrations.
Alpana (Bengal)- Aripan or Rangoli is popular in Bengal by the name ‘Alpana’.
Aipan (Uttarakhand)- Aipan is a rangoli made in Kumaon, which is popular in the state of Uttarakhand. It is made on the worship house, entrance and walls.
Jhoti and Chita (Orissa)- Jhoti or Chita is a traditional Oriya art, popular in rural areas.
Kollam (Kerala)- Rangoli is called Kolam in Kerala. It is made on auspicious occasions. It is made especially during Onam festival.
Muggu (Andhra Pradesh)- Aripan made in Andhra Pradesh is called Muggu.
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