Crude oil, also known as crude oil and black gold, is a major source of meeting the energy needs of the entire world. Many types of fuels and other products are made from this crude oil. Things like petrol, diesel and kerosene are made from this. Now the question arises that how three different things petrol, diesel and kerosene are made from the same type of crude oil. Let us tell you about it in detail in this article today.
First understand how crude oil is made
Crude oil coming out from the ground is mainly made from organic substances accumulated over millions of years. These substances turn into oil and gas due to high pressure and high temperature inside the ground. Later, they are taken out from the earth by drilling and then sent to the refinery.
Petrol, diesel and kerosene are made from the refining process
The process of making products like petrol, diesel and kerosene from crude oil is called refining in English. During the refining process, crude oil is broken down into different components, which are called hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons are used to make different types of fuel and other products. Different methods are used for refining. These include processes like distillation, cracking, reforming and alkylation.
How is petrol made
Actually, petrol is a light hydrocarbon made up of short carbon chains. During distillation, petrol is separated from crude oil, then it is mixed with different compounds so that its quality can be increased. Only after this, petrol is made, which runs our vehicles.
How is diesel made?
Diesel is made from heavy hydrocarbons. It is also made through the distillation process. To make diesel, it is hydrotreated several times so that sulfur and other impurities can be removed from it. This makes it a little less harmful for the environment.
How is kerosene made?
Kerosene i.e. kerosene oil is also made through the distillation process. Kerosene oil collects just above diesel in the distillation tower. Kerosene is made from mid-range hydrocarbons.
