Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose: Many great men had contributed in the Indian freedom struggle, in which the name of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose is in the first line. Subhash Chandra Bose had dreamed of complete Swaraj for India. He did many movements to free India from the shackles of slavery and because of this Netaji had to go to jail many times. He had shaken the foundation of the English government with his heroic deeds. As long as Netaji was there, the English rulers could not sleep peacefully.
In this way, we got independence from the British rule on 15 August 1947, but about 4 years ago, Subhash Chandra Bose had formed the first government of India. In this sense, the day of October 21, 1943 is very special and historical for every Indian.
First government of India before independence
At that time India was ruled by the British, but Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose did that feat on 21st October 1943, which no one had even thought of doing till now. He established the Azad Hind government in Singapore even before independence. Netaji made it clear to the British through this government that now their government has no existence in India and Indians are fully capable of running their own government. With the formation of the Azad Hind government, a new enthusiasm was infused in the freedom struggle. About 8 decades ago, on 21 October 1943, the first government of undivided India was formed outside the country. The name of that government was Azad Hind government. Rejecting the British rule, this was the government of undivided India. On July 4, 1943, Rash Behari Bose handed over the command of Azad Hind Fauj to Subhash Chandra Bose in a ceremony held at Cathay Bhavan, Singapore. After this, the Azad Hind government was established on 21 October 1943. As the Supreme Commander of Azad Hind Fauj, Subhash Chandra Bose formed the provisional government of independent India.
Azad Hind was recognized by 9 countries
Japan recognized the Azad Hind government on 23 October 1943. Japan gave Andaman and Nicobar Islands to Azad Hind Government. Subhash Chandra Bose went to those islands and renamed them. Andaman was renamed Shaheed Dweep and Nicobar’s Swaraj Dweep. On December 30, 1943, Subhash Chandra Bose hoisted the tricolor for the first time in Andaman and Nicobar. This tricolor belonged to the Azad Hind government. Subhash Chandra Bose was the Prime Minister, Foreign Minister and Defense Minister of India’s first independent government. Finance Department to S.C. Chatterjee, Publicity Department to S.A. Iyer and the women’s organization was handed over to Captain Lakshmi Swaminathan. The governments of 9 countries had given their recognition to the Azad Hind government, which included countries like Germany, Japan, Philippines. The Azad Hind government had also opened its embassies in many countries.
Plan for every sector in Azad Hind government
Under the leadership of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, the Azad Hind government had made plans related to every field. This government had its own bank, its own currency, its own postal stamp, its own intelligence system. Netaji, living outside the country, with limited resources, developed a comprehensive system against the powerful empire. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose ordered the creation of his own currency for the bank and independent India. Azad Hind government had its own bank, whose name was Azad Hind Bank. Azad Hind Bank had issued a note ranging from ten rupees coin to one lakh rupees. Subhash Chandra Bose’s picture was printed on a note of one lakh rupees. Subhash Chandra Bose, with the help of Japan and Germany, arranged for the printing of notes for the Azad Hind government. Germany had issued many postage stamps for the Azad Hind government, which were called Azad stamps. These stamps are included in the freedom struggle postage stamps of India Post today. The Azad Hind government was an unprecedented example of a strong revolution. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose united the people against the British rule, a government on which the sun never sets, which ruled a large part of the world.
Netaji was the prime minister of the Azad Hind government.
The Azad Hind government had chosen the tricolor as the national flag, made ‘Jana-Gana-Mana’ composed by Rabindra Nath Tagore the national anthem. The tradition of using Jai Hind to greet each other was started. On March 21, 1944, with the slogan ‘Delhi Chalo’, the Azad Hind government arrived on the land of India. While taking oath as the first Prime Minister of the Azad Hind government, Netaji had announced that one day the tricolor would be hoisted with full glory at the Red Fort. The Azad Hind government fought against the British rule outside the country and played an important role in the freedom struggle. This government told the British that the people of India will no longer tolerate foreign rule on their land at any cost. In 2018, on the 75th anniversary of the establishment of the Azad Hind government, Prime Minister Narendra Modi hoisted the tricolor flag from the ramparts of the Red Fort.
‘You give me blood, I will give you freedom’
The great patriot Subhash Chandra Bose, who raised the slogan ‘You give me blood, I will give you freedom’, was such a personality, who fought for freedom not only inside the country but also outside the country. Netaji’s contribution in the national movement ranged from using the pen to leading the Azad Hind Fauj to take on the British. In the early days of his college, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose lit the torch of revolution in Bengal, which gave a new edge to India’s freedom struggle.
Worked as editor of Forward newspaper
Subhash Chandra Bose was a loud and strong voice against the British rule. After leaving the job of ICS and returning to India from London, Netaji met Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das. In those days, Chittaranjan Das had started an English newspaper named Forward and started a campaign against the atrocities of the British. After meeting Subhash Chandra Bose, Chittaranjan Das made him the editor of Forward newspaper. Netaji was preparing an atmosphere against the British rule by writing loudly against the British Empire in that newspaper. Due to this campaign started with the pen, Netaji was jailed for six months in the year 1921.
Separated from Congress due to differences in 1939
While working for the Swarajya Party with Chittaranjan Das and even after that, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose’s visits to jail continued. Netaji shook the British camp in the year 1928 by parading along with two thousand Indian youths in army uniform on the streets of Calcutta. In the Haripura session held in 1938, Netaji was made the head of the Congress. Netaji asked Congress to fix the date of independence. Subhash Chandra Bose wanted to launch a vigorous agitation against the British for not getting independence by the due date, but Mahatma Gandhi was not ready for it. Eventually, he separated from the Congress and established the Forward Bloc in 1939 and opened a new front against the British Empire.
Netaji formed the liberation army from Indian prisoners of war
Impressed by the revolutionary Rasbihari Bose, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose had decided to collect foreign help for the freedom struggle. By dodging the detention of the police in Calcutta, Netaji reached Germany via Kabul. In Germany, he met Hitler, who promised to provide all possible help to Netaji to weaken the British rule. Netaji believed that India’s independence is possible only when Britain is targeted during the Second World War. In this episode, he also formed a liberation army by freeing the Indian prisoners of war imprisoned in Italy and Germany.
Took over the leadership of Azad Hind Fauj in 1943
When Netaji reached Japan in the year 1943, he was given the responsibility of leading the Azad Hind Fauj established by Captain Mohan Singh. His election was done by Rasbihari Bose himself. In 1943 itself, Netaji gave the slogan of Delhi Chalo and Jai Hind after taking the salute of the army of Azad Hind Fauj. Before Netaji took command, there were only four departments in Azad Hind Fauj, but Subhash Chandra Bose formed seven new departments to strengthen those four departments.
Rani of Jhansi Regiment for Women
The main basis of Azad Hind Fauj i.e. Indian National Army was unity, sacrifice and loyalty and in this spirit the spirit of new ideals was developed in the organization. Along with this, the Rani of Jhansi Regiment was formed for women, whose command was handed over to Captain Lakshmi Swaminathan (Lakshmi Sehgal).
Azad Hind Fauz attacked the British army
Azad Hind Fauz attacked the British Army in February 1944. This army had freed many Indian territories including Palel and Tihim from the British. In the speech of Martyr’s Day in September 1944, Netaji told the Azad Hind soldiers that you give me blood, I will give you freedom. This was the effect of Subhash Chandra Bose, who forced the Indian soldiers present in the English army to revolt for independence.
Born on 23 January 1897 in Cuttack, Odisha
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, who gave the slogan ‘Jai Hind’, was born on 23 January 1897 in Cuttack, Odisha. Bose’s father’s name was ‘Jankinath Bose’ and mother’s name was ‘Prabhavati’. Jankinath Bose was a popular advocate of Cuttack. Subhash Chandra Bose had 14 siblings, in which there were 6 sisters and 8 brothers. Subhash Chandra was the ninth child and fifth son of his parents. Born in an affluent Bengali family, Netaji did his early studies at Ravenshaw Collegiate School in Cuttack. After this, he was educated at Presidency College and Scottish Church College, Calcutta. The example of the spirit of patriotism was seen in his early life itself. In his childhood, he had strongly objected to his teacher’s anti-India statement and only then everyone realized that he is not one of those who bow down before slavery.
Leaving the job of ICS, jumped into the freedom struggle
Subhash Chandra Bose was a brilliant student who always topped the examination. He graduated in 1919. His parents sent Bose to Cambridge University in England to prepare for the Indian Administrative Service (Indian Civil Service). In the era of British rule, it was very difficult for Indians to enter the civil service, but they not only passed the civil service examination but also secured the fourth position. But where was the free-thinking Subhash’s mind going to be engaged in the British job. Subhash Chandra Bose resigned from the job after passing the Indian Civil Services examination. After leaving the civil service, he joined the Indian National Congress. He already had a strong and fearless personality in mind. He wanted the salvation of India from political, economic, social and spiritual slavery. After the National General Secretary of the Congress in December 1927, he was elected the National President of the Congress in 1938. But because of Netaji’s revolutionary thoughts and charm, his own senior leaders started condemning him. Differences in views and Bose’s popularity were not pleasing to many leaders of the party. Sensing this, Subhash Chandra Bose formed his own separate party in the name of Forward Bloc.
Disagreement with Mahatma Gandhi’s views
Subhash Chandra Bose did not agree with Mahatma Gandhi’s ideas of non-violence. In fact, Mahatma Gandhi used to lead the liberal party, while Subhash Chandra Bose was the favorite of the zealous revolutionary party. The views of Mahatma Gandhi and Subhash Chandra Bose were different, but they knew very well that Mahatma Gandhi and his aim were the same, that is, the independence of the country. Netaji had immense respect for Gandhiji. That’s why it was Netaji who first addressed Gandhiji by calling him the father of the nation. However, due to Gandhiji’s opposition, this ‘rebel president’ felt the need to resign. Seeing Gandhi’s continuous opposition, he himself left the Congress.
Strategy made after reaching Germany
When the Second World War started, Bose believed that freedom could be achieved by meeting the enemies of the British. Seeing his views, he was put under house arrest in Kolkata by the British government but he escaped from there with the help of his nephew Sisir Kumar Bose. He reached Germany via Afghanistan and Soviet Union.
Subhash Chandra Bose also met Hitler
Subhash Chandra Bose married his secretary and Austrian girl Emily in 1937. They both also had a daughter named Anita. Netaji also met Hitler during his foreign stay. He left Germany in 1943. From there he reached Japan. Then reached Singapore from Japan. He died in an air crash near Taiwan on 18 August 1945 while going to Tokyo (Japan), but his body could not be found. The exact reason for Netaji’s death has not been known till date. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, who proclaimed the immortality of independent India, became immortal by lighting the divine flame of patriotism.
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