While studying the stars, scientists have found very interesting but important information about the nascent stage. They have gained a new perspective on the early stages of formation in the formation processes of baby stars. They have dubbed these events ‘sneezes’, which involve protostellar disks releasing dust, gas and electromagnetic energy around infant stars.
In a study published in The Astrophysical Journal, researchers from Kyushu University have obtained these results using the ALMA radio telescope in Chile. The team recently observed interesting phenomena around these newborn stars. Stars, including our Sun, emerge from stellar nurseries, which are actually giant clumps of gas and dust. In these the matter gradually condenses which we call the stellar core or baby star.
All this is surrounded by a nascent stellar disk. The disk plays an important role in the star formation process and is also a site of significant magnetic activity. Kazuki Tokuda, an expert at Kyushu University’s Faculty of Science and lead author of the study, explained the magnetic dynamics involved.
By studying these events, scientists have come to know about the important processes of star formation. (Photo: NASA/ESA)
Tokuda says that these structures carry with them a constant magnetic flux. Maintaining all these magnetic fluxes will generate a magnetic field many times stronger. As the star’s core absorbs material, the magnetic field weakens. Focusing on MC 27, a stellar nursery about 450 light-years away, the team collected data that revealed unexpected “spike-like” structures protruding from the disks of newborn stars.
These spike-like structures extend far beyond the disks of nascent stars. It turned out that these were spikes of expelled magnetic flux, dust and gas. In this, variations in the magnetic field interact with different densities in the disks of nascent stars, forcing magnetic flux out of it. Researchers compared it to a sneeze, where particles are released faster. These “sneezes” are a frequent occurrence during the formation of baby stars. This helps us understand how baby stars and planets form.
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FIRST PUBLISHED: April 15, 2024, 20:38 IST
